Irreducible Sp-representations and subgroup distortion in the mapping class group (with N. Broaddus and B. Farb) - [pdf] [ps]
preprint 2007, submitted.
Abstract :
We prove that various subgroups of the mapping
class group $\Mod(\Sigma)$ of a surface $\Sigma$
are at least exponentially distorted. Examples include the
Torelli group (answering a question of Hamenst\"adt), the
``point-pushing'' and surface braid subgroups,
and the Lagrangian subgroup. For
surfaces $\Sigma$ with boundary, we prove that every finitely generated,
normal subgroup of $\Mod(\Sigma)$ contained in the Torelli group is at least
exponentially distorted.
We introduce a method for obtaining lower bounds on distortion. The key
is to find certain representations containing some partially hyperbolic
matrix, which we reduce via linear algebra to the problem of finding
irreducible representations. We then apply this method together with
classical symplectic representation theory (e.g. Weyl's classification
of $\Sp$-invariant tensors), Morita's development of the ``higher
Johnson homomorphisms'', and an extension of Johnson theory to arbitrary
subgroups of $\HH_1(\Sigma;\Z)$.